DOPAMINERGIC MODULATION OF EFFORT-RELATED CHOICE BEHAVIOR AS ASSESSED BY A PROGRESSIVE RATIO CHOW FEEDING CHOICE TASK: PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDIES AND THE ROLE OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES.

Mesolimbic dopamine (DA) is involved in behavioral activation and effort-related processes.Rats with impaired DA transmission reallocate their instrumental behavior away from food-reinforced tasks with high response requirements, and instead select less effortful food-seeking behaviors.In the present study, the effects of several drug treatments we

Background: Duodenal carcinoids (neuroendocrine tumour) are rare tumour, but recently, increase in incidence has been noted.Various techniques for excision of tumour have been described in literature, but very few case reports and case series have mentioned about laparoscopic management benwa-balls of carcinoid tumour.We describe a case series of s

In a Wilberforce pendulum, two mechanical Japanese Cherry oscillators are coupled: one pertains to the longitudinal (tension) motion and the other to the rotational (twisting) motion.It is shown that the longitudinal magnetic moment of circular currents, and similarly the magnetic moment of a spin-chain, can exhibit a Wilberforce-like vibration.The

ORTHO-ADAPT The system forming ovarian follicles is developed to investigate in vitro folliculogenesis in a confined environment to obtain functional oocytes.Several studies have reported the successful generation of fully functional oocytes using mouse-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and mouse female germline stem cells (fGSCs) as sources o

This paper deals with the analysis of the dynamic performance of a generator with a doubly salient exterior rotor excited by permanent magnets inserted in the stator yoke.The electrical generator works at low speed and is devoted to a wind energy conversion system.Indeed, the studied generator is a robust high-torque machine and can be directly cou